Many Christians have a sense that recent events in the world are related to Bible prophecy, but are not sure exactly how they are related or what will happen next. Events of particular prophetic importance in 2024 include (1) Israel’s spectacular victories over its enemies in Gaza, Lebanon, Syria, and Iran; (2) the continuation of brutal Russian aggression in Ukraine and elsewhere; (3) the election of a newly-emboldened Donald Trump; and (4) continued technological innovations, including breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI). The present article will deal with the first of these themes, which is Israel.

The clearest proof that we are living in the end times is the regathering of the Jewish people to the land of Israel and the success of the modern state of Israel. Ezekiel 34–37 describes how there will be a physical restoration of the nation of Israel at the end of the age—a national renewal—that prepares the Jews for spiritual restoration—national acceptance of Jesus as their King. (For details, see my Interpretive Guide to the Major Prophets and this post.) Israel’s national renewal began with the Zionist movement in the nineteenth century, which itself was a surprising byproduct of the European Enlightenment, rationalism, higher criticism, and liberal theology. The Pharisees, who represented rabbinic Judaism, came to dominate Judaism after the destruction of the temple in AD 70, and all the Jewish communities of the Middle Ages practiced Orthodox (rabbinic/Pharisaical) Judaism. The power of the rabbis, who kept the Jews in spiritual darkness, finally began to be broken with the Jewish Enlightenment (Haskalah), which led to Conservative Judaism and Reform Judaism. Free-thinking Jews from these groups founded the Zionist movement and have shown greater openness to Christianity while still preserving their Jewish identity. The modern state of Israel officially came into existence, paradoxically, shortly after the Holocaust, when Western countries finally realized that the Jewish people needed a homeland. In spite of the entire Arab world immediately declaring war on the vulnerable new nation, God has miraculously protected and prospered the Jews.

The attack on Israel by Hamas on October 7, 2023, and the subsequent attacks on Israel by Hezbollah, the Houthis, and Iran, defy logic but have a clear spiritual explanation. Satan is trying to prevent the coming of Christ’s kingdom by killing the Jews and/or driving them out of their land—he does not want a peace deal that allows the state of Israel to continue to exist or that allows Jews to continue to live in the land of Israel. If Satan could wipe out all the Jews, God’s kingdom could never come. Jesus came to reign as King of the Jews, and His kingdom will be an Israelite kingdom (Matt 2:2; Acts 1:6). Likewise, all the Bible’s prophecies of the tribulation period reveal a focus on the Jewish people and the land of Israel at the end of history. The rapture could not happen and the tribulation period could not begin without a stable and strong Jewish state in the land of Israel and a rebuilt temple.

Israel’s dramatic victories over Hamas, Hezbollah, Syria, and Iran in the face of significant regional and global opposition can only be explained by the hand of Almighty God supernaturally protecting and prospering His people. God’s plans and purposes cannot be frustrated. Ironically, the unending attacks on Israel by its enemies have given the Israelis a new resolve to do whatever it takes to eliminate their enemies, ignoring international and regional opposition, while demonstrating in full their impressive military capabilities.

As for what comes next, Ezekiel 34–37 repeatedly describes the Jews as reoccupying “the mountains of Israel,” which includes the West Bank. The October 7 attacks and the ongoing intransigence of the Palestinians has shifted Israeli public opinion from support for a Palestinian state to support for the annexation of part or all of the West Bank, possibly with the expulsion of the Palestinian population, as Israelis have realized that the Palestinians will never cease to seek their destruction. It is quite possible that Donald Trump and members of his incoming administration would support the Israeli government in these efforts. Indeed, it is likely that one of the reasons why God caused Donald Trump to win the election was because he will be much more favorable to Israel than Kamala Harris would have been.

Trump has also declared his intention to make a concerted effort to negotiate a comprehensive Middle East peace. This fits with Ezekiel 38:8, 11, which describes Israel living without defenses, without walls, and without a military at the time of the tribulation period (see also this post). Clearly some extraordinary change must take place in the Middle East to convince the Israelis that they no longer need a military and can tear down all their border walls and fences. It is possible that Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, and possibly the countries of the Arabian peninsula will also disarm as part of a regional peace deal, as there is no mention of them making war during the tribulation period. (Jordan appears to have a strong military at the time of the tribulation period, but is favorable to Israel [Dan 11:41; Rev 12:6, 14].) After the Palestinian issue is definitively resolved, presumably through the annexation of the West Bank and the expulsion of the Palestinian population from Israel, and very likely through the collapse of the Iranian theocracy and/or the collapse of Islam in general, the Middle East will change its character from being a place of violence to being a place of peace, prosperity, and brotherhood. There must be some strong international agreements in place, perhaps guaranteed by the United States, that will prevent an external invasion of the Middle East prior to the midpoint of the tribulation period.

The rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem must also come about at the conclusion of the current conflict, as there clearly is such a temple in existence during the tribulation period (Dan 9:27; Matt 24:15; Mark 13:14; 2 Thess 2:4). Again, due to the intransigence of the Palestinians, Jews increasingly view the Temple Mount as an exclusively Jewish sacred space, and they (rightly) view Gentile Muslims as intruders. Israeli leaders have shown an unprecedented boldness in the past year, and this must be leading up to the time when they will at last take possession of the Temple Mount.

In light of Ezekiel’s prophecies, I expect to see Israel continue to win victories over its enemies (possibly with some temporary setbacks) until it has won complete and total victory. I expect this victory to include annexation of the West Bank and the settlement of the West Bank by Jews. Perhaps Israel will find a way to expel most of the Palestinians. This may be followed by a new wave of immigration to Israel, which will become very peaceful and prosperous. I expect Israel to tear down the Dome of the Rock and the Al-Aqsa Mosque and to build the Third Temple where the Dome of the Rock now stands. I expect the countries around Israel to continue making peace with Israel, and I expect the conflicts that have consumed the region for the past 75 years to finally come to an end (prior to the midpoint of the tribulation period). I expect both regional and world opinion of Israel to become much more favorable, enabling a peace that is not merely political but also social. Finally, I expect Israel to draw closer to Europe over time, as the tribulation period begins with the ratification of a treaty between the state of Israel and the antichrist, who is an Italian who leads the European Union or its successor body. This treaty apparently makes Israel a member of the EU and guarantees its protection by the antichrist during a planned seven-year period of integration.

Teaching on the relationship between Bible prophecy and current events in Israel is seldom heard from pulpits today, and is almost never heard in seminary classrooms or published in academic publications. This is because the view of Israel that is currently held by a large majority of professing Christians, including most of those who control publishing houses, seminaries, and other Christian institutions, is called “replacement theology.” Replacement theology is the anti-Semitic false doctrine that God has forever washed His hands of the Jewish people due to their rejection of Jesus, and therefore all of the eschatological blessings promised to Israel have been transferred in a “spiritual” or allegorical sense to the church. This false teaching is rooted in the allegorical hermeneutic, as the only way to explain away the Bible’s prophecies about Israel is to say that the text does not mean what it literally says. However, replacement theology also had a pragmatic aspect, as it was developed in a historical context in which it appeared from a human point of view as if the Jews would never reestablish a state in the land of Israel or accept Jesus as their Messiah; interpreters who did not believe that God would ever restore Israel attempted to find an alternate explanation of the Bible’s prophecies about Israel’s eschatological restoration. It is incredible that scholars who should know better continue to strenuously insist on this view in the context of contemporary events. Even many scholars from traditions that historically rejected replacement theology have recently tried to incorporate replacement theology into their eschatology (“progressive dispensationalism”) and/or have sought to downplay the significance of the modern state of Israel by appealing to a strong view of the doctrine of imminence.

While it is often claimed that prophecy is an unimportant side issue, many churches that hold to replacement theology have a long history of anti-Semitism, and continue to oppose Israel to the present day—in part, perhaps, because they are irked by the way in which dispensationalists point to the success of the modern state of Israel as proof of the error of replacement theology. In spite of the current popularity of replacement theology in both nominal Christianity (Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, liberal Protestantism) and among Reformed-leaning or liberal-leaning evangelicals, this view is no longer tenable not only on biblical grounds but also on practical grounds—Israel is too big to ignore, and churches which oppose God’s people cannot expect to receive God’s blessing. As events in the world continue to unfold in a way that clearly matches biblical prophecy, I expect to see a resurgence of “classic” dispensationalism, which makes a clear distinction between Israel and the church.

Returning to Ezekiel’s prophecies of Israel’s eschatological restoration, Ezekiel 38–39 describes the moment when the vast majority of the nation of Israel will finally believe in Jesus as their promised Messiah. That prophecy will be the theme of the next article in this series.

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